Article 11p. 11

ADMINISTRATIVE CODE AND LAW OF PUBLIC OFFICERS TEXT AND RULES

and Bar Council for every vacancy. Such appointments

need no confirmation.

For the lower courts, the President shall issue the

appointments

within

ninety

(90)

days

from

the

submission of the list.

SECTION

23.

Prohibition

Against

Performing

Quasi-Judicial

or

Administrative

Functions .

—

The

Members of the Supreme Court and of other courts

established by law shall not be designated to any agency

performing quasi-judicial or administrative functions.

CHAPTER 5 Constitutional Commissions

SECTION

24. Constitutional Commissions . — The

Constitutional Commissions, which shall be independent,

are the Civil Service Commission, the Commission on

Elections, and the Commission on Audit.

SECTION

25.

Inhibitions

Against

Constitutional

Commissioners .

—

No

member

of

a

Constitutional

Commission shall, during his tenure, hold any other office

or employment. Neither shall he engage in the practice of

any profession or in the active management or control of

any business which in anyway may be affected by the

functions

of

his

office,

nor

shall

he

be

financially

interested, directly or indirectly, in any contract with, or in

any franchise or privilege granted by the Government,

any of its subdivisions, agencies, or instrumentalities,

including government-owned or controlled corporations

or their subsidiaries.

SECTION 26. Fiscal Autonomy . — The Constitutional

Commissions shall enjoy fiscal autonomy. The approved

annual

appropriations

shall

be

automatically

and

regularly released.

SECTION

27.

Promulgation

of

Rules .

—

Each

Commission en banc may promulgate its own rules

concerning pleadings and practice before it or before any

of its offices. Such rules however shall not diminish,

increase, or modify substantive rights.

SECTION

28.

Decisions

by

the

Constitutional

Commissions .— Each Commission shall decide, by a

majority vote of all its Members, any case or matter

brought before it within sixty (60) days from the date of

its submission for decision or resolution. A case or matter

is deemed submitted for decision or resolution upon the

filing of the last pleading, brief, or memorandum required

by the rules of the Commission or by the Commission

itself. Unless otherwise provided by the Constitution or by

law, any decision, order, or ruling of each Commission

may be brought to the Supreme Court on certiorari by

the aggrieved party within thirty (30) days from receipt of

a copy thereof.

CHAPTER 6 Other Bodies

SECTION

29.

Other Bodies . — There shall be in

accordance

with

the

Constitution,

an

Office

of the

Ombudsman,

a

Commission

on

Human

Rights,

an

independent central monetary authority, and a national

police

commission.

Likewise,

as

provided

in

the

Constitution, Congress may establish an independent

economic and planning agency.

BOOK III Office of the President

TITLE I Powers of the President

CHAPTER 1 Power of Control

SECTION 1. Power of Control . — The President shall

have control of all the executive departments, bureaus,

and offices. He shall ensure that the laws be faithfully

executed.

CHAPTER 2 Ordinance Power

SECTION 2. Executive Orders . — Acts of the President

providing for rules of a general or permanent character in

implementation

or

execution

of

constitutional

or

statutory

powers

shall

be

promulgated in executive

orders .

SECTION 3. Administrative Orders . — Acts of the

President

which

relate

to

particular

aspects

of

governmental operations in pursuance of his duties as

administrative

head

shall

be

promulgated

in

administrative orders .

SECTION 4. Proclamations . — Acts of the President

fixing a date or declaring a status or condition of public

moment or interest, upon the existence of which the

operation of a specific law or regulation is made to

depend, shall be promulgated in proclamations which

shall have the force of an executive order.

SECTION 5. Memorandum Orders . — Acts of the

President

on

matters

of

administrative

detail

or

of

subordinate or temporary interest which only concern a

particular officer or office of the Government shall be

embodied in memorandum orders .

SECTION 6. Memorandum Circulars . — Acts of the

President on matters relating to internal administration,

which the President desires to bring to the attention of all

or some of the departments, agencies, bureaus or offices

of the Government, for information or compliance, shall

be embodied in memorandum circulars .

SECTION 7. General or Special Orders . — Acts and

commands

of

the

President

in

his

capacity

as

Commander-in-Chief

of

the

Armed

Forces

of

the

Philippines shall be issued as general or special orders .

CHAPTER 3 Power Over Aliens

SECTION 8. Power to Deport . — The President shall

have

the

power

to

deport

aliens

subject

to

the

requirements of due process.

SECTION 9. Power to Change Non-Immigrant Status

of Aliens . — The President, subject to the provisions of

law,

shall

have the power to change the status of

non-immigrants by allowing them to acquire permanent

residence status without necessity of visa.

SECTION 10. Power to Countermand Decisions of the

Board of Commissioners of the Bureau of Immigration .

— The decision of the Board of Commissioners which has

jurisdiction over all deportation cases shall become final

and executory after thirty (30) days from promulgation,

unless within such period the President shall order the

contrary.

SECTION 11. Power over Aliens under the General

Principles of International Law . — The President shall

exercise with respect to aliens in the Philippines such

powers as are recognized by the generally accepted

principles of international law.

CHAPTER 4 Powers of Eminent Domain, Escheat, Land

Reservation and Recovery of Ill-gotten Wealth

SECTION

12.

Power

of Eminent Domain . — The

President

shall

determine

when

it

is

necessary

or

advantageous to exercise the power of eminent domain

in behalf of the National Government, and direct the

Solicitor

General,

whenever

he

deems

the

action

advisable, to institute expropriation proceedings in the

proper court.

SECTION 13. Power to Direct Escheat or Reversion

Proceedings . — The President shall direct the Solicitor

General to institute escheat or reversion proceedings over

all lands transferred or assigned to persons disqualified

under the Constitution to acquire land.

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