Article 6p. 6

ADMINISTRATIVE CODE AND LAW OF PUBLIC OFFICERS TEXT AND RULES

CHAPTER 2 The People

SECTION 5. Who are Citizens . — The following are the

citizens of the Philippines:

(1) Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time

of the adoption of the Constitution;

(2) Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the

Philippines;

(3) Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino

mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon reaching

the age of majority;

(4) Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.

SECTION 6. Effect of Marriage . — Citizens of the

Philippines who marry aliens shall retain their citizenship,

unless by their act or omission they are deemed, under

the law, to have renounced it.

SECTION

7. Natural-born Citizen . — Natural-born

citizens are those who are citizens of the Philippines from

birth without having to perform any act to acquire or

perfect

their Philippine citizenship. Those who elect

Philippine citizenship in accordance with the Constitution

shall be deemed natural-born citizens.

SECTION 8. Loss or Reacquisition of Citizenship . —

Philippine citizenship may be lost or reacquired in the

manner provided by law.

SECTION 9. Dual Allegiance . — Dual allegiance is

inimical to the national interest and shall be dealt with by

law.

CHAPTER 3 State Immunity from Suit

SECTION 10. Non-suability of the State . — No suit

shall lie against the State except with its consent as

provided by law.

SECTION 11. The State's Responsibility for Acts of

Agents . — (1) The State shall be legally bound and

responsible

only

through

the

acts

performed

in

accordance with the Constitution and the laws by its duly

authorized representatives.

(2) The State shall not be bound by the mistakes or

errors of its officers or agents in the exercise of their

functions.

CHAPTER 4 National Symbols and Official Languages

SECTION 12. National Flag . — (1) The flag of the

Philippines shall be red, white and blue, with a sun and

three stars, as consecrated and honored by the people

and recognized by law.

(2) The custody, ceremonial use, occasion and manner

of display, and the proper care and disposition of the flag

shall be governed by appropriate rules and regulations.

SECTION 13. National Anthem . — Until otherwise

provided

by

law,

the

musical

arrangement

and

composition of Julian Felipe is adopted as the national

anthem. It shall be sung or played upon the opening or

start of all state celebrations or gatherings and on such

other occasions as may be prescribed by appropriate

rules and regulations.

SECTION 14. Arms and Great Seal of the Republic of

the Philippines . — (1) The Arms shall have paleways of

two (2) pieces, azure and gules; a chief argent studded

with three mullets equidistant from each other; and, in

point of honor, ovoid argent over all the sun rayonnant

with eight minor and lesser rays. Beneath shall be a scroll

with

the words "Republic of the Philippines," or its

equivalent in the national language, inscribed thereon.

(2) The Great Seal shall be circular in form, with the

arms

as described in the preceding paragraph, but

without

the

scroll

and

the inscription thereon, and

surrounding the whole, a double marginal circle within

which

shall

appear

the

words

"Republic

of

the

Philippines," or its equivalent in the national language.

For the purpose of placing the Great Seal, the color of the

arms shall not be deemed essential.

SECTION 15. Use and Custody of Great Seal . — The

Great

Seal

shall

be

affixed

to

or

placed

upon

all

commissions signed by the President and upon such

other official documents and papers of the Republic of

the Philippines as may be provided by law, or as may be

required by custom and usage. The President shall have

custody of the Great Seal.

SECTION 16. Arms, Seals and Banners of Government

Offices . — The various offices of government may adopt

appropriate coat-of-arms, seals and banners.

SECTION 17. Official Languages . — Until otherwise

provided by law, Pilipino and English shall be the official

languages.

CHAPTER 5 Operation and Effect of Laws

SECTION 18. When Laws Take Effect . — Laws shall

take effect after fifteen (15) days following the completion

of

their

publication

in

the Official Gazette or in a

newspaper of general circulation, unless it is otherwise

provided.

SECTION

19.

Prospectivity .

—

Laws

shall

have

prospective

effect

unless

the

contrary

is

expressly

provided.

SECTION

20.

Interpretation

of

Laws

and

Administrative Issuances . — In the interpretation of a

law or administrative issuance promulgated in all the

official languages, the English text shall control, unless

otherwise specifically provided. In case of ambiguity,

omission or mistake, the other texts may be consulted.

SECTION 21. No Implied Revival of Repealed Law .—

When a law which expressly repeals a prior law is itself

repealed, the law first repealed shall not be thereby

revived unless expressly so provided.

SECTION 22. Revival of Law Impliedly Repealed . —

When a law which impliedly repeals a prior law is itself

repealed, the prior law shall thereby be revived, unless the

repealing law provides otherwise.

SECTION 23. Ignorance of the Law . — Ignorance of

the law excuses no one from compliance therewith.

CHAPTER 6 Official Gazette

SECTION 24. Contents . — There shall be published in

the Official Gazette all legislative acts and resolutions of a

public nature; all executive and administrative issuances

of general application; decisions or abstracts of decisions

of the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals, or other

courts of similar rank, as may be deemed by the said

courts of sufficient importance to be so published; such

documents or classes of documents as may be required

so to be published by law; and such documents or classes

of documents as the President shall determine from time

to time to have general application or which he may

authorize so to be published.

The publication of any law, resolution or other official

documents in the Official Gazette shall be prima facie

evidence of its authority.

SECTION 25. Editing and Publications . — The Official

Gazette shall be edited in the Office of the President and

published weekly in Pilipino or in the English language. It

shall be sold and distributed by the National Printing

Office

which

shall

promptly

mail

copies

thereof to

subscribers free of postage.

CHAPTER 7 Regular Holidays and Nationwide Special Days

SECTION

26.

Regular

Holidays

and

Nationwide

Special Days . — (1) (1) Unless otherwise modified by law,

order or proclamation, the following regular holidays and

special days shall be observed in the country:

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