Section 120p. 120

PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW COMPENDIUM VOLUME I

archipelagic State, after which the archipelagic State may

designate, prescribe or substitute them.

10. The archipelagic State shall clearly indicate the axis of

the

sea

lanes

and

the

traffic

separation

schemes

designated or prescribed by it on charts to which due

publicity shall be given.

11. Ships in archipelagic sea lanes passage shall respect

applicable

sea

lanes and traffic separation schemes

established in accordance with this article.

12. If an archipelagic State does not designate sea lanes or

air routes, the right of archipelagic sea lanes passage may

be

exercised

through

the

routes

normally used for

international navigation.

Article 54. Duties of ships and aircraft during their

passage, research and survey activities, duties of the

archipelagic State and laws and regulations of the

archipelagic State relating to archipelagic sea lanes

passage

Articles 39, 40, 42 and 44 apply mutatis mutandis to

archipelagic sea lanes passage.

PART V. EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE

Article 55. Specific legal regime of the exclusive economic

zone

The exclusive economic zone is an area beyond and

adjacent to the territorial sea, subject to the specific legal

regime established in this Part, under which the rights

and jurisdiction of the coastal State and the rights and

freedoms of other States are governed by the relevant

provisions of this Convention.

Article 56. Rights, jurisdiction and duties of the coastal

State in the exclusive economic zone

1. In the exclusive economic zone, the coastal State has:

(a) sovereign rights for the purpose of exploring and

exploiting,

conserving

and

managing

the

natural

resources, whether living or non-living, of the waters

superjacent to the seabed and of the seabed and its

subsoil,

and

with

regard

to

other

activities for the

economic exploitation and exploration of the zone, such

as the production of energy from the water, currents and

winds;

(b) jurisdiction as provided for in the relevant provisions of

this Convention with regard to:

(i)

the

establishment

and

use

of

artificial

islands,

installations and structures;

(ii) marine scientific research;

(iii)

the

protection

and

preservation

of

the

marine

environment;

(c) other rights and duties provided for in this Convention.

2. In exercising its rights and performing its duties under

this Convention in the exclusive economic zone, the

coastal State shall have due regard to the rights and

duties

of

other

States

and

shall

act

in

a

manner

compatible with the provisions of this Convention.

3. The rights set out in this article with respect to the

seabed and subsoil shall be exercised in accordance with

Part VI.

Article 57. Breadth of the exclusive economic zone

The exclusive economic zone shall not extend beyond 200

nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth

of the territorial sea is measured.

Article 58. Rights and duties of other States in the

exclusive economic zone

1. In the exclusive economic zone, all States, whether

coastal or land-locked, enjoy, subject to the relevant

provisions of this Convention, the freedoms referred to in

article 87 of navigation and overflight and of the laying of

submarine cables and pipelines, and other internationally

lawful uses of the sea related to these freedoms, such as

those associated with the operation of ships, aircraft and

submarine cables and pipelines, and compatible with the

other provisions of this Convention.

2.

Articles

88

to

115

and

other

pertinent

rules

of

international law apply to the exclusive economic zone in

so far as they are not incompatible with this Part.

3. In exercising their rights and performing their duties

under this Convention in the exclusive economic zone,

States shall have due regard to the rights and duties of

the coastal State and shall comply with the laws and

regulations adopted by the coastal State in accordance

with the provisions of this Convention and other rules of

international law in so far as they are not incompatible

with this Part.

Article 59. Basis for the resolution of conflicts regarding

the attribution of rights and jurisdiction in the exclusive

economic zone

In cases where this Convention does not attribute rights

or jurisdiction to the coastal State or to other States

within the exclusive economic zone, and a conflict arises

between the interests of the coastal State and any other

State or States, the conflict should be resolved on the

basis of equity and in the light of all the relevant

circumstances,

taking

into

account

the

respective

importance of the interests involved to the parties as well

as to the international community as a whole.

Article 60. Artificial islands, installations and structures in

the exclusive economic zone

1. In the exclusive economic zone, the coastal State shall

have the exclusive right to construct and to authorize and

regulate the construction, operation and use of:

(a) artificial islands;

(b) installations and structures for the purposes provided

for in article 56 and other economic purposes;

(c) installations and structures which may interfere with

the exercise of the rights of the coastal State in the zone.

2. The coastal State shall have exclusive jurisdiction over

such

artificial

islands,

installations

and

structures,

including

jurisdiction

with regard to customs, fiscal,

health, safety and immigration laws and regulations.

3. Due notice must be given of the construction of such

artificial

islands,

installations

or

structures,

and

permanent means for giving warning of their presence

must be maintained. Any installations or structures which

are abandoned or disused shall be removed to ensure

safety of navigation, taking into account any generally

accepted

international

standards

established

in

this

regard by the competent international organization. Such

removal

shall

also

have

due

regard

to fishing, the

protection of the marine environment and the rights and

duties of other States. Appropriate publicity shall be given

to the depth, position and dimensions of any installations

or structures not entirely removed.

4. The coastal State may, where necessary, establish

reasonable safety zones around such artificial islands,

installations

and

structures

in

which

it

may

take

appropriate

measures

to

ensure

the

safety both of

navigation and of the artificial islands, installations and

structures.

5. The breadth of the safety zones shall be determined by

the

coastal

State,

taking

into

account

applicable

international standards. Such zones shall be designed to

ensure that they are reasonably related to the nature and

function of the artificial islands, installations or structures,

and shall not exceed a distance of 500 metres around

them, measured from each point of their outer edge,

except as authorized by generally accepted international

standards

or

as

recommended

by

the

competent

international organization. Due notice shall be given of

the extent of safety zones.

© Compiled by RGL

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