Section 68p. 68

PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW COMPENDIUM VOLUME I

among men, is one of the fundamental objectives of the

United Nations,

1. Solemnly affirms the necessity of speedily eliminating

racial discrimination throughout the world, in all its forms

and manifestations, and of securing understanding of

and respect for the dignity of the human person;

2. Solemnly affirms the necessity of adopting national

and

international

measures

to

that

end,

including

teaching, education and information, in order to secure

the universal and effective recognition and observance of

the principles set forth below;

3. Proclaims this Declaration:

ARTICLE 1

Discrimination between human beings on the ground of

race, colour or ethnic origin is an offence to human

dignity and shall be condemned as a denial of the

principles of the Charter of the United Nations, as a

violation of the human rights and fundamental freedoms

proclaimed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,

as an obstacle to friendly and peaceful relations among

nations and as a fact capable of disturbing peace and

security among peoples.

ARTICLE 2

1. No State, institution, group or individual shall make any

discrimination whatsoever in matters of human rights

and fundamental freedoms in the treatment of persons,

groups of persons or institutions on the ground of race,

colour or ethnic origin.

2. No State shall encourage, advocate or lend its support,

through police action or otherwise, to any discrimination

based on race, colour or ethnic origin by any group,

institution or individual.

3.

Special

concrete

measures

shall

be

taken

in

appropriate circumstances in order to secure adequate

development or protection of individuals belonging to

certain racial groups with the object of ensuring the full

enjoyment by such individuals of human rights and

fundamental

freedoms.

These

measures

shall in no

circumstances have as a consequence the maintenance

of unequal or separate rights for different racial groups.

ARTICLE 3

1.

Particular

efforts

shall

be

made

to

prevent

discrimination based on race, colour or ethnic origin,

especially in the fields of civil rights, access to citizenship,

education,

religion,

employment,

occupation

and

housing.

2. Everyone shall have equal access to any place or facility

intended

for

use

by

the

general

public,

without

distinction as to race, colour or ethnic origin.

ARTICLE 4

All

States

shall

take

effective

measures

to

revise

governmental and other public policies and to rescind

laws and regulations which have the effect of creating

and perpetuating racial discrimination wherever it still

exists. They should pass legislation for prohibiting such

discrimination and should take all appropriate measures

to

combat

those

prejudices

which

lead

to

racial

discrimination.

ARTICLE 5

An end shall be put without delay to governmental and

other public policies of racial segregation and especially

policies

of

apartheid,

as

well

as all forms of racial

discrimination

and

separation

resulting

from

such

policies.

ARTICLE 6

No discrimination by reason of race, colour or ethnic

origin shall be admitted in the enjoyment by any person

of

political

and

citizenship

rights in his country, in

particular the right to participate in elections through

universal and equal suffrage and to take part in the

government. Everyone has the right of equal access to

public service in his country.

ARTICLE 7

1. Everyone has the right to equality before the law and to

equal justice under the law. Everyone, without distinction

as to race, colour or ethnic origin, has the right to security

of person and protection by the State against violence or

bodily harm, whether inflicted by government officials or

by any individual, group or institution.

2. Everyone shall have the right to an effective remedy

and protection against any discrimination he may suffer

on the ground of race, colour or ethnic origin with respect

to

his

fundamental

rights

and

freedoms

through

independent national tribunals competent to deal with

such matters.

ARTICLE 8

All effective steps shall be taken immediately in the fields

of teaching, education and information, with a view to

eliminating

racial

discrimination

and

prejudice

and

promoting

understanding,

tolerance

and

friendship

among

nations

and

racial

groups,

as

well

as

to

propagating the purposes and principles of the Charter of

the

United

Nations,

of

the

Universal Declaration of

Human Rights, and of the Declaration on the Granting of

Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples.

ARTICLE 9

1. All propaganda and organizations based on ideas or

theories of the superiority of one race or group of persons

of one colour or ethnic origin with a view to justifying or

promoting racial discrimination in any form shall be

severely condemned.

2. All incitement to or acts of violence, whether by

individuals or organizations against any race or group of

persons

of another colour or ethnic origin shall be

considered an offence against society and punishable

under law.

3. In order to put into effect the purposes and principles

of the present Declaration, all States shall take immediate

and positive measures, including legislative and other

measures,

to

prosecute

and/or

outlaw

organizations

which promote or incite to racial discrimination, or incite

to or use violence for purposes of discrimination based on

race, colour or ethnic origin.

ARTICLE 10

The United Nations, the specialized agencies, States and

non-governmental

organizations shall do all in their

power to promote energetic action which, by combining

legal and other practical measures, will make possible the

abolition of all forms of racial discrimination. They shall, in

particular, study the causes of such discrimination with a

view

to

recommending

appropriate

and

effective

measures to combat and eliminate it.

ARTICLE 11

Every State shall promote respect for and observance of

human rights and fundamental freedoms in accordance

with the Charter of the United Nations and shall fully and

faithfully

observe

the

provisions

of

the

present

Declaration, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

and the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to

Colonial Countries and Peoples.

(UN Declaration on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial

Discrimination, [1963])

Convention Against Torture and Other

Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading

Treatment

December 10, 1984

© Compiled by RGL

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