Section 96p. 96

PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW COMPENDIUM VOLUME II

2. All the Parties to the Treaty undertake to facilitate, and

have the right to participate in, the fullest possible

exchange of equipment, materials and scientific and

technological information for the peaceful uses of nuclear

energy. Parties to the Treaty in a position to do so shall

also co-operate in contributing alone or together with

other States or international organizations to the further

development of the applications of nuclear energy for

peaceful

purposes,

especially

in

the

territories

of

non-nuclear-weapon States Party to the Treaty, with due

consideration for the needs of the development areas of

the world.

ARTICLE V

Each Party to the Treaty undertakes to take appropriate

measure to ensure that, in accordance with this Treaty,

under appropriate international observation and through

appropriate international procedures, potential benefits

from any peaceful applications of nuclear explosions will

be made available to non-nuclear-weapon States Party to

the Treaty on a non-discriminatory basis and that the

charge to such Parties for the explosive devices used will

be as low as possible and exclude any charge for research

and development. Non-nuclear-weapon States Party to

the Treaty shall be able to obtain such benefits, pursuant

to a special international agreement or agreements,

through an appropriate international body with adequate

representation

of

non-nuclear-weapon

States.

Negotiations on this subject shall commence as soon as

possible

after

the

Treaty

enters

into

force.

Non-nuclear-weapon

States

Party

to

the

Treaty

so

desiring may also obtain such benefits pursuant to

bilateral agreements.

ARTICLE VI

Each of the Parties to the Treaty undertakes to pursue

negotiations in good faith on effective measures relating

to cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and

to nuclear disarmament, and on a treaty on general and

complete

disarmament

under

strict

and

effective

international control.

ARTICLE VII

Nothing in this Treaty affects the right of any group of

States to conclude regional treaties in order to assure the

total absence of nuclear weapons in their respective

territories.

ARTICLE VIII

1. Any Party to the Treaty may propose amendments to

this Treaty. The text of any proposed amendment shall be

submitted to the Depositary Governments which shall

circulate it to all Parties to the Treaty. Thereupon, if

requested to do so by one-third or more of the Parties to

the Treaty, the Depositary Governments shall convene a

conference, to which they shall invite all the Parties to the

Treaty, to consider such an amendment.

2. Any amendment to this Treaty must be approved by a

majority of the votes of all the Parties to the Treaty,

including the votes of all nuclear-weapon States Party to

the Treaty and all other Parties which, on the date the

amendment is circulated, are members of the Board of

Governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency.

The amendment shall enter into force for each Party that

deposits its instrument of ratification of the amendment

upon the deposit of such instruments of ratification by a

majority of all the Parties, including the instruments of

ratification of all nuclear-weapon States Party to the

Treaty and all other Parties which, on the date the

amendment is circulated, are members of the Board of

Governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency.

Thereafter, it shall enter into force for any other Party

upon the deposit of its instrument of ratification of the

amendment.

3. Five years after the entry into force of this Treaty, a

conference of Parties to the Treaty shall be held in

Geneva, Switzerland, in order to review the operation of

this Treaty with a view to assuring that the purposes of

the Preamble and the provisions of the Treaty are being

realized. At intervals of five years thereafter, a majority of

the Parties to the Treaty may obtain, by submitting a

proposal to this effect to the Depositary Governments,

the convening of further conferences with the same

objective of reviewing the operation of the Treaty.

ARTICLE IX

1. This Treaty shall be open to all States for signature. Any

State which does not sign the Treaty before its entry into

force in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Article may

accede to it at any time.

2. This Treaty shall be subject to ratification by signatory

States. Instruments of ratification and instruments of

accession shall be deposited with the Governments of the

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,

the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United

States of America, which are hereby designated the

Depositary Governments.

3. This Treaty shall enter into force after its ratification by

the States, the Governments of which are designated

Depositaries of the Treaty, and forty other States signatory

to this Treaty and the deposit of their instruments of

ratification.

For

the

purposes

of

this

Treaty,

a

nuclear-weapon State is one which has manufactured

and

exploded

a

nuclear

weapon

or

other

nuclear

explosive device prior to 1 January, 1967.

4.

For

States

whose

instruments

of

ratification

or

accession are deposited subsequent to the entry into

force of this Treaty, it shall enter into force on the date of

the

deposit

of

their

instruments

of

ratification

or

accession.

5. The Depositary Governments shall promptly inform all

signatory

and

acceding

States of the date of each

signature, the date of deposit of each instrument of

ratification or of accession, the date of the entry into force

of this Treaty, and the date of receipt of any requests for

convening a conference or other notices.

6. This Treaty shall be registered by the Depositary

Governments pursuant to Article 102 of the Charter of the

United Nations.

ARTICLE X

1. Each Party shall in exercising its national sovereignty

have the right to withdraw from the Treaty if it decides

that extraordinary events, related to subject matter of this

Treaty, have jeopardized the supreme interests of its

country. It shall give notice of such withdrawal to all other

Parties to the Treaty and to the United Nations Security

Council three months in advance. Such notice shall

include a statement of the extraordinary events it regards

as having jeopardized its supreme interests.

2. Twenty-five years after the entry into force of the Treaty,

a conference shall be convened to decide whether the

Treaty shall continue in force indefinitely, or shall be

extended for an additional fixed period of periods. This

decision shall be taken by a majority of the Parties to the

Treaty.

ARTICLE XI

This Treaty, the English, Russian, French, Spanish and

Chinese texts of which are equally authentic, shall be

deposited in the archives of the Depositary Governments.

Duly certified copies of this Treaty shall be transmitted by

the Depositary Governments to the Governments of the

signatory and acceding States.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, duly authorized,

have signed this Treaty.

DONE in triplicate, at the cities of London, Moscow and

Washington, the first day of July, one thousand nine

hundred and sixty-eight.

(Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons,

[July 1, 1968])

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