Article 18Act No. 3815, Sec./Art. 18

Accomplices.-Accomplices are those persons who, not being included in article 17, cooperate in the execution of the offense by previous or simultaneous acts.

REVISED PENAL CODE TEXT AND SPECIAL PENAL LAWS

Chapter Three EXTINCTION AND SURVIVAL OF

CIVIL LIABILITY

Article 112. Extinction of civil liability. - Civil liability

established in Articles 100, 101, 102, and 103 of this Code

shall be extinguished in the same manner as obligations,

in accordance with the provisions of the Civil Law.

Article 113. Obligation to satisfy civil liability. - Except in

case of extinction of his civil liability as provided in the

next preceding article the offender shall continue to be

obliged to satisfy the civil liability resulting from the

crime committed by him, notwithstanding the fact that

he has served his sentence consisting of deprivation of

liberty or other rights, or has not been required to serve

the same by reason of amnesty, pardon, commutation of

sentence or any other reason.

BOOK TWO | Crimes and Penalties

Title One CRIMES AGAINST NATIONAL

SECURITY AND THE LAW OF NATIONS

Chapter One CRIMES AGAINST NATIONAL

SECURITY

Section One. - Treason and espionage

Article 114. Treason. - Any Filipino citizen who levies war

against the Philippines or adheres to her enemies, giving

them aid or comfort within the Philippines or elsewhere,

shall be punished by reclusion perpetua to death and

shall

pay

a

fine

not

to

exceed

Four million pesos

(P4,000,000).

No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the

testimony of two witnesses at least to the same overt act

or on confession of the accused in open court.

Likewise,

an

alien,

residing

in

the

Philippines,

who

commits acts of treason as defined in paragraph 1 of this

Article shall be punished by reclusion temporal to death

and shall pay a fine not to exceed Four million pesos

(P4,000,000). (As amended by E.O. No. 44, May 31, 1945;

RA No 7659, December 13, 1993, Republic Act No. 10951,

[August 29, 2017]).

Article 115. Conspiracy and proposal to commit treason;

Penalty. - The conspiracy or proposal to commit the crime

of treason shall be punished respectively, by prision

mayor and a fine not exceeding Two million pesos

(P2,000,000), and prision correccional and a fine not

exceeding One million pesos (P1,000,000).

Article 116. Misprision of treason. - Every person owing

allegiance to (the United States) the Government of the

Philippine Islands, without being a foreigner, and having

knowledge of any conspiracy against them, conceals or

does not disclose and make known the same, as soon as

possible to the governor or fiscal of the province, or the

mayor or fiscal of the city in which he resides, as the case

may be, shall be punished as an accessory to the crime of

treason.

Article

117.

Espionage.

-

The

penalty

of

prision

correccional shall be inflicted upon any person who:

1. Without authority therefor, enters a warship, fort, or

naval or military establishment or reservation to obtain

any information, plans, photographs, or other data of a

confidential

nature

relative

to

the

defense

of

the

Philippine Archipelago; or

2. Being in possession, by reason of the public office he

holds, of the articles, data, or information referred to in

the preceding paragraph, discloses their contents to a

representative of a foreign nation.

The penalty next higher in degree shall be imposed if the

offender be a public officer or employee.

Section Two. - Provoking war and disloyalty in case of war

Article 118. Inciting to war or giving motives for reprisals. -

The penalty of reclusion temporal shall be imposed upon

any public officer or employee, and that of prision mayor

upon

any

private

individual,

who,

by

unlawful

or

unauthorized acts provokes or gives occasion for a war

involving or liable to involve the Philippine Islands or

exposes Filipino citizens to reprisals on their persons or

property.

Article 119. Violation of neutrality. - The penalty of prision

correccional shall be inflicted upon anyone who, on the

occasion of a war in which the Government is not

involved, violates any regulation issued by competent

authority for the purpose of enforcing neutrality.

Article 120. Correspondence with hostile country. - Any

person who in time of war, shall have correspondence

with an enemy country or territory occupied by enemy

troops shall be punished:

1. By prision correccional, if the correspondence has been

prohibited by the Government;

2. By prision mayor, if such correspondence be carried on

in ciphers or conventional signs; and

3. By reclusion temporal, if notice or information be given

thereby which might be useful to the enemy. If the

offender intended to aid the enemy by giving such notice

or information, he shall suffer the penalty of reclusion

temporal to death.

Article 121. Flight to enemy country. - The penalty of

arresto mayor shall be inflicted upon any person who,

owing allegiance to the Government, attempts to flee or

go to an enemy country when prohibited by competent

authority.

Section Three. - Piracy and mutiny on the high seas or in

Philippine waters

Article 122. Piracy in general and mutiny on the high

seas. - The penalty of reclusion perpetua shall be inflicted

upon any person who, on the high seas, or in Philippine

waters, shall attack or seize a vessel or, not being a

member of its complement nor a passenger, shall seize

the

whole

or

part

of

the

cargo

of

said vessel, its

equipment, or personal belongings of its complements or

passengers.

The same penalty shall be inflicted in case of mutiny on

the high seas or in Philippine waters. (as amended by

Republic Act No. 7659, [December 13, 1993])

Article 123. Qualified piracy. - The penalty of reclusion

perpetua to death shall be imposed upon those who

commit any of the crimes referred to in the preceding

article, under any of the following circumstances:

1. Whenever they have seized a vessel by boarding or

firing upon the same;

2. Whenever the pirates have abandoned their victims

without means of saving themselves; or

3.

Whenever

the

crime is accompanied by murder,

homicide, physical injuries or rape.

(as amended by Republic Act No. 7659, [December 13,

1993])

© Compiled By RGL

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