Section 4Sec./Art. 4

Definition of Terms. - As used in this Act:

(a) Disaster Risk refers to the potential loss of life, injury, or destruction or damage of assets, which could occur in a system, society, or a community in a specific period of time, determined probabilistically as a function of hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and capacity;

(b) Hazard refers to a process, phenomenon, or human activity that may cause loss of life, injury, or other health impacts, property damage, social and economic disruption, or environmental degradation;

(c) Risk transfer refers to the process of formally or informally shifting the financial consequences of particular risks from one (1) party to another whereby a household, community, enterprise, or state authority will obtain resources from the other party after a disaster occurs, in exchange for ongoing or compensatory social or financial benefits provided to that other party;

(d) Seismology refers to the scientific study of the sudden, violent movements of the earth connected with earthquakes;

(e) Tsunami refers to a series of large waves of extremely long wavelength and period usually generated by a violent, impulsive underseas disturbance or activity near the coast or in the ocean;

(f) Volcanology refers to the multidisciplinary study of volcanoes, volcanic processes, eruptions, hazards, impacts, and other related aspects including the monitoring, modeling, assessment, and communication of the same;

(g) Vulnerability refers to the conditions determined by physical, social, economic, and environmental factors or processes which increase the susceptibility of an individual, a community, asset, or system to the impacts of hazards;

(h) Whole-of-Government Approach refers to an approach that instills and fosters collaboration among all the government instrumentalities at both the national and local levels toward shared sustainable development goals and outcomes; and

(i) Whole-of-Society Approach refers to an approach that encourages the meaningful and active participation and synergy of the different stakeholders of society toward climate change adaptation and DRRM at the national and local levels.